The major aspects to Right to Education Act include:
The Constitution (Eighty-sixth
Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India
to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age
group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner
as the State may, by law, determine. The Right of Children to Free and
Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential
legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a
right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable
quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and
standards.
Article 21-A & the RTE Act came
into effect on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the
words ‘free and compulsory’. ‘Free education’ means that no child, other
than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school
which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to
pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her
from pursuing and completing elementary education. ‘Compulsory
education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local
authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion
of elementary education by all children in the 6-14 age group. With
this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a
legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this
fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the
Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act.
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